This tool calculates the Speaker Sensitivity expressed in dB (deciBels).
Contents
Calculator
Enter the Speaker Efficiency (%) below and the tool will provide the sensitivity in dB.
Formula
Sensitivity (dB) = 112 + 10*Log10(Efficiency)
Background
The Sensitivity of a speaker is a measure of how well it converts input power to acoustic output. Manufacturers will typically provide this number in their data sheets.
It represents the volume of sound produced by a speaker in response to a given amount of input power. In other words, speaker sensitivity tells you how loud a speaker can get with a certain amount of power.
A higher sensitivity rating means that the speaker can produce more sound for a given amount of power, and it is generally desirable because it allows the speaker to play louder without requiring as much amplifier power.
Speaker sensitivity is typically measured at a distance of one meter with a One Watt input signal injected by an amplifier. It is expressed in decibels (dB). Practically it is measured by a noise meter.
Example Calculation
For a speaker efficiency of 0.5%, the sensitivity is approximately 89 dB.
For a speaker efficiency of 2%, the sensitivity is 6 dB higher at 96 dB.
Small increases in efficiency produce significant changes in sensitivity
Why is Speaker Sensitivity Important?
The importance of speaker sensitivity lies in its impact on system efficiency and overall performance. Here are a few key points to consider:
- Amplifier Power Requirements: Speakers with higher sensitivity require less power from the amplifier to achieve a certain volume level. This is beneficial because it allows you to use a less powerful (and often less expensive) amplifier to achieve the desired output.
- Compatibility: When matching speakers with amplifiers, it’s important to consider the compatibility of their sensitivity ratings. Mismatched sensitivity levels can result in uneven volume levels between speakers, potentially leading to an imbalanced sound system.
- Dynamic Range: Sensitivity is also related to a speaker’s dynamic range—the difference between the quietest and loudest sounds a speaker can reproduce. Speakers with higher sensitivity can deliver a wider dynamic range because they can produce louder sounds with less power.
- Energy Efficiency: Higher sensitivity can contribute to energy efficiency, as less power is wasted as heat in the amplification process. This can be especially important in applications where power consumption is a concern.
It’s worth noting that while sensitivity is an important factor, it’s not the only one to consider when evaluating speakers. Other factors, such as frequency response, impedance, and distortion, also play crucial roles in determining the overall performance and sound quality of a speaker.
Typical Speaker Sensitivity Numbers
The table below shows typical ranges and what they mean
| Sensitivity | What does it mean? |
|---|---|
| Less than 85 dB | May require more power to achieve the same volume level as higher sensitivity speakers. Often less efficient and may be better suited for use with more powerful amplifiers. |
| 85 – 90 dB | Many speakers fall into this range. They offer a good balance between sensitivity and power requirements, making them compatible with a wide range of amplifiers. |
| Greater than 90 dB | More efficient. They can produce louder sound levels with less input power, making them suitable for use with lower-powered amplifiers. Often favored in applications where amplifier power is limited. |
Related Calculators
- Sound Pressure Level – use the speaker’s sensitivity to find the SPL at a specified distance away from it
- Max SPL of a speaker
- Match an Amplifier with your Speaker – use this to find the required amplification to achieve a desired level of audio performance
- Speaker Dispersion – Find the vertical and horizontal spread at a specified distance away from the speaker.